Geotextile is a type of polymer coating that is used to strengthen and reinforce the soil for construction activities. Its multiple structure and function has caused this product to become a high quality fabric and find its place in construction projects.
One of the functions of geotextile layers is its permeability structure, which is very important in construction projects that often involve water. Geotextile layers are also known as fabric floor, construction fabric, fabric filter, synthetic fabric and so on.
These materials are made of polyester, polypropylene and nylon fibers. The combination of these materials creates properties such as water absorption, permeability, pressure and shock resistance, good bitumen absorption and most importantly filtration.
Geotextile layers are produced in two types: woven and woven or non-woven and non-woven.
Geotextile is popular and used in most countries due to its features and characteristics.
If we want to mention the properties of this material, we can mention its very fast and easy implementation, low weight and high strength, long-term stability and uniformity in their structure. Also, the use of geotextile layers in most cases have much lower costs than similar methods and materials. Because using this product increases the life of the structure, reduces maintenance costs and prevents environmental problems.
This material has properties such as low weight, high strength, long-term stability, very fast execution and uniformity in execution, which has made it more and more popular.
Geotextile has stood the test of time in the last two decades, and its benefits are not hidden from artisans.
The main advantages of geotextiles:
Very high strength that allows geotextiles to absorb large amounts of energy.
• Long service life
• Excellent hydraulic properties
• Extremely resistant to damage during operation and installation
• Abrasion resistance
• It does not become a string and has a high coherence.
• All its surfaces have uniform quality, texture and appearance.
Geotextiles strengthen the road infrastructure and the strength of the subgrade soft materials and increase the CBR to some extent.
This material prevents the sinking of rocky and granular materials into the soft and wet subgrade by distributing regional and local pressure and helps to separate the subgrade and rocky and granular materials. It also prevents soft soil from entering the bedrock and drainage layers. Not to mention that it also improves road drainage.
The use of woven and non-woven geotextiles can improve the performance of highways, airports, docks, unpaved roads and warehouses.
When water inadvertently enters the pavement through existing cracks, it destroys it. The use of geotextiles creates an effective dehumidification barrier and makes the underpass resistant to surface water intrusion.
Geotextiles can be used to strengthen embankments, retaining walls and seals. The use of geotextiles can also be cost-effective.
A traditional retaining wall will cost you a lot; however, using geotextiles reduces costs by half. They are also easier to build and install than traditional methods.
It is also used in dams, erosion control, underground drainage, liquid and gas collection systems, waste retention control, stabilization and consolidation of iron lines and geomembrane protection.
The great popularity and efficiency of this product is due to its extensive studies, successful installation and economic benefits.
One of the needs for geotechnical structures for years is the need for drainage. Geotextile is known as the most widely used product in drainage systems of civil structures due to its unique properties.
The presence of very small pores in these products cause the soil particles to be filtered while passing water and prevent them from passing and cause water washing. As a result, these products serve as filters in drainage systems of earth dams, roads and railways, retaining walls and … Are widely used.
Geotextile has a separating role in road construction in the sense that the use of this product causes large particles to be separated from fine particles and is also used in separating poor substrate from pavement materials in road construction and this function is common.
Geotextiles are very important in road construction because they prevent the mixing of fine materials inside coarse materials, the loss of fine-grained materials, and also reduce the strength of coarse-grained materials. As a result, the use of this material reduces the required materials and increases the useful life of roads, and also in the infrastructure of the railway and airport runway, its separation role can be used.
Soil erosion can have negative effects on the economy, society and environmental issues. As a result, with the help of geotextiles, we can control soil erosion.
The performance of this product is such that it protects the soil surface from tensile forces due to water, wind and rain and prevents soil escape. Due to its success in this field, this product has become one of the most important and main products for erosion control in construction projects.
Soil erosion is one of the most important environmental issues and of course a complex process that occurs around the world and can affect a variety of lands such as agricultural lands.
Geotextile layers have been used in the construction of many dams around the world due to their different functions.
In earthen dams, the upper parts of the dam due to the impact of water waves and also in the lower parts of the dam, which can be eroded by rain, use geotextile layers as a cover layer to prevent erosion of soil particles in the dam body. It is also used as a filter in the vertical drainage system of the dam body.
Retaining walls allow their owners to maximize their land use. However, building a gravity cement wall is often impractical due to its weight and cost.
Geotextiles are widely used to reinforce embankments on soft soils, floodplains and retaining walls. Geotextiles are budget-friendly to build retaining walls. In fact, a geotextile used for a retaining wall can be built for less than half the cost of a traditional retaining wall.
Woven geotextiles have significant advantages over the traditional method, such as: easy construction, easy installation and the ability to use excavated materials at the project site, and polypropylene geotextiles also cost about half the cost of geogrids and are considerable. Require less manpower to install.
Waste control and land clearing schemes require geotextiles with stable physical properties and good production quality. In environmental applications, geotextiles must retain important and vital properties while exposed to highly chemical environments.
Geotextile is used in liquid filtration and gas collection systems as well as protection of geomembrane layer and waste coatings. Geotextiles are recommended for municipal waste and landfills and hazardous and hazardous wastes, effluent treatment ponds, as well as waste storage and control tanks and other surface storage systems.
Nonwoven and woven geotextiles are used for soluble liquids and gas collection systems. These products increase the efficiency of the system for landfilling as well as for the groundwater treatment project.
The choice of filter geotextiles for environmental clean-up and waste control is the same as the choice for underground drainage systems. Heavyweight (high grade) nonwoven layers are generally suitable for this purpose.
Geotextiles effectively act as a protective cushion to protect waste control layers against perforation and other damage. Geomembrane layers, very strong non-woven coated and uncoated structures, are used to strengthen layered systems and protect geomembrane layers against severe pressures due to surface differences.
Without protective layers, the sharp edges of underground materials and debris can damage the membrane and ultimately reduce the quality and performance of the layers. Non-woven layers and composite layers are used as protection against mechanical damage. Heavy nonwoven layers (grade about 600) protect geomembranes.
By using non-woven geotextiles on soft and wet substrates, the life of roads and railways is increased. This is done by preventing a mixture of gravel, stone and sand from entering the substrate.
Heavy-duty nonwovens are suitable for railway stability. The use of geotextiles under the railway bed ensures that the railway embankment can withstand the loads for which it is intended.
Geotextiles are permeable so that they can be separated, and even reinforced.
Geotextiles, which are typically made of polypropylene or polyester, come in three forms: woven (like mail bags), perforated (like felt), or thermal.
Geotextile composites are known and products such as geogrids are made from this product. Geotextiles have different uses. Geotextiles are very tolerable and durable.
In general, these materials are geosynthetic, have many applications and based on the configuration, they can be used in many cases depending on the properties and characteristics.
Advantages of using geotextiles include fast construction and installation, economic efficiency, chemical resistance, high durability, no separation between grains that occurs in grain filters during construction, and reduced drilling rate.
The thickness of the geotextile layer is much smaller than the layer of granular materials and this is economically and practically important. The price and cost of geotextiles are generally lower than other materials of drainage systems.